Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-1-1997

Publication Title

Physical Review B

Publisher

The American Physical Society

Abstract

Definitive measurements by Van Harlingen et al. in 1980 show that the flux induced by a temperature difference across the two junctions of a Pb-In ring exceeds theoretical expectation by a factor, ϳ105. The theory fails owing to ͑mis͒use of a Boltzmann transport equation to describe the thermal diffusion of quasi-particle excitations, a treatment which violates electron conservation. An electron-conserving transport theory is developed and explains the data.

Comments

Published version may be found here: http://journals.aps.org/prb/

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