Date of Award

12-2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Nursing

Committee Chair/Advisor

Luigi Boccuto

Committee Member

Delphine Dean

Committee Member

Diana Ivankovic

Committee Member

Lucia Gonzales

Abstract

Early in the pandemic, doctors noticed many people developed long-lasting problems after COVID-19, affecting the brain, heart, stomach, liver, and kidneys. These ongoing health effects have since been the subject of many studies.

Currently, there are no clear diagnostic guidelines that clinicians and healthcare personnel can use when encountering patients with LC-19-like symptoms. This has resulted in much confusion and delayed diagnosis, with severe impacts on the parties concerned, warranting the need for the public health authorities or health regulatory bodies to establish clear rules and avoid underreporting or misdiagnosing cases.

This disease has components that involve more than just physical symptoms. There are social and psychological aspects that may exacerbate the patient's suffering that are more than just physical. Thus, there is a need to treat the LC-19 patients or those suspected of having the condition on a holistic level to address all aspects of this disease.

Finally, in the study, we attempted to find a metabolic signature unique to the LC-19 group. These metabolic changes could be helpful in both easing the diagnostic journey and finding sites for therapeutic intervention.

Author ORCID Identifier

0000-0001-9962-2800

Available for download on Thursday, December 31, 2026

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