Date of Award
5-2019
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Mathematical Sciences
Committee Member
Neil J Calkin, Committee Chair
Committee Member
Christopher S McMahan
Committee Member
William C Bridges
Abstract
The Tree of All Fractions, otherwise known as the Calkin-Wilf tree, gets its name from the fact that every reduced positive rational appears once in this binary search tree. We look at the various properties this tree is known to hold and will explore a plethora of related, yet new, characteristics within the patterns of the tree.
One of the most interesting properties of the tree we will state is the numerators are the hyperbinary representation of that index in the sequence, as already observed by Calkin and Wilf. We will take look at this as well as the ordering of the numerators. We notice that some numbers in the sequence of numerators appeared "out of order," i.e. if N +1 appears before N in the sequence of numerators. We found these oddities and looked at the distance between these occurrences.
We also look closely at the "paths'' of the rationals in the tree. The "path'' of an element is the right and left steps it takes to reach said element. We let 0 represent a left step and 1 represent a right step. We explore various ways to change or look at the paths, as well as with matrices that represent the left and right steps.
We also question the claim, ∀∊ > 0 and x ∈ ℝ+, there exists an n such that $\left \vert x - \frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}} \right \vert < ∊. In other words, for any positive real number, there is a rational number that is incredibly close to the real number given. We use ideas from continued fraction approximations and computation to bring this claim to life. From this claim, we attempt to define a distrubtion over the real numbers.
Recommended Citation
Kenyon, Catherine Mary, "The Calkin-Wilf Tree and Its Various Properties" (2019). All Theses. 3075.
https://open.clemson.edu/all_theses/3075